Exploring the Climate of Varanasi: From Extreme Heatwaves to Monsoon Floods
Varanasi is a city located in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world, with a history that dates back over 3000 years. The city is situated on the banks of the river Ganges, which is considered to be a holy river by Hindus. Varanasi has a tropical wet and dry climate, which is characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. In this post, we will explore the climate of Varanasi in more detail.
Geography
Varanasi is located at a latitude of 25.3176° N and a longitude of 82.9739° E. The city is situated on the banks of the river Ganges, which flows from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south. Varanasi is situated on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, which is a fertile region that is home to some of the most densely populated areas in the world.
Climate
Varanasi has a tropical wet and dry climate, which is characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The city experiences three main seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter.
Summer (March to June)
The summer season in Varanasi begins in March and lasts until June. During this time, the city experiences high temperatures, with average daytime temperatures ranging from 35°C to 45°C. The humidity levels are also high during this season, which can make it feel even hotter. The nights are relatively cooler, with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C.
Monsoon (July to September)
The monsoon season in Varanasi begins in July and lasts until September. This is the wettest season in the city, with an average rainfall of 1000 mm. The rain is usually heavy and sporadic, and it can cause flooding in some areas of the city. The temperature during this season is relatively lower, with average daytime temperatures ranging from 30°C to 35°C. The humidity levels are also high during this season, which can make it feel muggy.
Winter (October to February)
The winter season in Varanasi begins in October and lasts until February. During this season, the city experiences cooler temperatures, with average daytime temperatures ranging from 15°C to 25°C. The nights are colder, with temperatures ranging from 5°C to 15°C. The humidity levels are relatively lower during this season, which makes it more comfortable to be outdoors.
Extreme Weather Events
Varanasi is susceptible to extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, floods, and droughts. In recent years, the city has experienced more frequent and intense heatwaves, which have led to an increase in heat-related illnesses and deaths. The city is also prone to flooding during the monsoon season, which can cause damage to property and infrastructure.
Climate Change
Climate change is expected to have a significant impact on the climate of Varanasi in the coming years. The city is likely to experience more frequent and intense heatwaves, which will increase the risk of heat-related illnesses and deaths. The monsoon season is also expected to become more erratic, with longer dry spells and more intense rainfall events. This could lead to an increase in flooding and droughts.
Final remarks
In conclusion, Varanasi has a tropical wet and dry climate, with high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The city is susceptible to extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, floods, and droughts, and climate change is expected to have a significant impact on the climate in the coming years. It is important for policymakers and stakeholders to take action to mitigate the effects of climate change and to build resilience to extreme weather events.